Median Age: age that divides the population into two numerically equal groups: half of the people are older than the median age indicated and half are younger. Native languages of Oceania fall into three major geographic groups: Colonial languages include English in Australia, New Zealand, Hawaii, and many other territories; French in New Caledonia, French Polynesia, Wallis and Futuna; Japanese in the Bonin Islands;[64] and Spanish on Easter Island and the Galpagos Islands. Public health experts Clipperton is not politically associated with the Americas, as is the case with other oceanic islands nearing the Americas, having had almost no interaction with the continent throughout its history. The country has one of the most globalised economies and depends greatly on international trade mainly with Australia, Canada, China, the European Union, Japan, Singapore, South Korea and the United States. [39], In most non-English speaking countries Oceania is treated as a continent in the sense that it is "one of the parts of the world", and Australia is only seen as an island nation. It includes Australia, the smallest continent in terms of total land area. Koppers considered Oceania to encompass the entire 25,000 islands of the Pacific Ocean. 75 million. Thus, Oceania most commonly refers to the land areas of the South and Central Pacific. [221], The attack on Pearl Harbor by the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters,[222][223] was a surprise military strike conducted by the Imperial Japanese Navy against the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on the morning of 7 December 1941. The first settlers of Australia, New Guinea, and the big islands simply to the east arrived more than 60,000 years ago. Year: as of July 1 of the year indicated. The use and scope of this term varies. [463] Australia (and New Zealand) were among the small handful of non-communist countries who decided to participate at Moscow 1980. [56][57] Despite this, Australia is rarely seen as a part of the subregion. A minority percentage of the population practices traditional religions. Establishing a chronological timeframe for these pieces in most cases is difficult, but one has been dated to c. 1500 BCE. [213], On 23 April 1770, British explorer James Cook made his first recorded direct observation of Aboriginal Australians at Brush Island near Bawley Point. The governor and lieutenant governor oversee twenty agencies and departments from offices in the State Capitol. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part . "[46] Some geographers group the Australian tectonic plate with others in the Pacific to form a geological continent. Tuvalu. Ngerulmud, on Babeldaob Island, is the smallest national capital on earth by population, with only a few hundred people; the name is pronounced en-jer-al-mud; Koror, on Koror Island, . Much of the basement rock of New Zealand was once part of the super-continent of Gondwana, along with South America, Africa, Madagascar, India, Antarctica and Australia. including Australia, 31,377,000. Some of the most prominent Oceanic battlegrounds were the Battle of Bita Paka, the Solomon Islands campaign, the Air raids on Darwin, the Kokada Track, and the Borneo campaign. While in most of the English-speaking world Oceania is described as a geographical region, outside of the English-speaking world Oceania is described as one of the continents. She excluded Hawaii from her definition, but not Easter Island. [436] The most popular sport among Australian women is netball, while Australian rules football garners the highest spectatorship numbers and television ratings. [358] The New Zealand dollar is the 10th-most traded currency in the world.[359]. Subregions in Oceania. Australia and New Zealand, along with other countries, are members of Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) and the East Asia Summit (EAS), which may become trade blocs in the future particularly EAS. The countries and territories in this table are categorised according to the scheme for geographic subregions used by the United Nations. [283] Snow falls frequently on the highlands near the east coast, in the states of Victoria, New South Wales, Tasmania and in the Australian Capital Territory. [194], Particularly along the north coast of New Guinea and in the islands north and east of New Guinea, the Austronesian people, who had migrated into the area somewhat more than 3,000 years ago, came into contact with these pre-existing populations of Papuan-speaking peoples. Native Hawaiian musician and Hawaiian sovereignty activist Israel Kamakawiwoole, famous for his medley of "Somewhere Over the Rainbow/What a Wonderful World", was named "The Voice of Hawaii" by NPR in 2010 in its 50 great voices series. PopulationPyramid.net Pirmides Populacionais do Mundo desde 1950 at 2100. "[73] The Pacific Islands Forum expanded during the early 2010s, and areas that were already included in the UN definition of Oceania, such as French Polynesia, gained membership. Two years later, Australia's Celebrity Survivor was filmed at the same location used by the U.S. Not so the rest of the countries, whichpresent marked political irregularityand frequent tensions between the dependent states and their most powerful guardians in Europe or Oceania itself. These adaptations are common in species from the large and well-known families Proteaceae (Banksia), Myrtaceae (Eucalyptus gum trees), and Fabaceae (Acacia wattle). [411], New Zealand as a culture is a Western culture, which is influenced by the cultural input of the indigenous Mori and the various waves of multi-ethnic migration which followed the British colonisation of New Zealand. Some of the most visited countries in Oceania are the following: Australia. By that time, the UN projects, fast global population growth will come to an end. [53][54] In a 1991 article for the Submerged Resources Center, American archeologist Toni L. Carrell wrote, "the immensity of and great distances within the Pacific Basin often make it difficult to conceptualize the basin as a single earth feature." Which includes the present-day countries of Brunei, East Timor, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Singapore. [40][41] Prior to the 1950s, before the popularization of the theory of plate tectonics, Antarctica, Australia and Greenland were sometimes described as island continents, but none were usually taught as one of the world's continents in English-speaking countries. [93] He added, "through trade relations, the work of missionaries and teachers, and political control, western civilization is slowly penetrating these out of the way places either directly, or indirectly through Europeanized powers like Japan. For all other years: average annual numerical change over the preceding five year period. The Australia-New Zealand continental fragment of Gondwana split from the rest of Gondwana in the late Cretaceous time (9590 Ma). Australia (59.82%) Papua New Guinea (20.67%) New Zealand (11.51%) Fiji (2.18%) Solomon Islands (1.48%) Vanuatu (0.70%) New Caledonia (0.69%) French Polynesia (0.69%) Other (2.26%) See also [ edit] List of Eurasian countries by population [38] The islands, now politically associated with Alaska, have historically had inhabitants that were related to Indigenous Americans, in addition to having non-tropical biogeography similar to that of Alaska and Siberia. [338], Archaeology, linguistics, and existing genetic studies indicate that Oceania was settled by two major waves of migration. Oceania's land surface forms 6.4 per cent of that of the earth, although by the end of the second millennium its inhabitants numbered only 31 million or 0.5 per cent of the world's population.. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. It did not consider Hawaii to be part of Polynesia, due to its geographic isolation, commenting that Oceania also included, "isolated groups and islands, such as the Hawaiian and Galpagos. Along with India most of Australasia lies on the Indo-Australian Plate with the latter occupying the Southern area. See Also: Oceanian countries by Population Population of Asia Population of Africa Todd defined the oceanic Bonin Islands as making up a Japanese language segment of Oceania, and excluded the main Japanese archipelago. These industries play a small role in the Hawaiian economy, due to the shipping distance to viable markets, such as the West Coast of the contiguous U.S. In 2022 the population of Oceania was 43,451,000 and the average age increased from 29.6 in 1960 to 35.9. The 2011 book Maritime Adaptations of the Pacific, by Richard W. Casteel and Jean-Claude Passeron, states that, "for the purpose of anthropology, Oceania has long been a continent like Africa, Asia and America. World Population: Total World Population as of July 1 of the year indicated. [121] The 2007 book Asia in the Pacific Islands: Replacing the West, by New Zealand Pacific scholar Ron Crocombe, defined the term "Pacific Islands" as being islands in the South Pacific Commission, and stated that such a definition "does not include Galpagos and other [oceanic] islands off the Pacific coast of the Americas; these were uninhabited when Europeans arrived, then integrated with a South American country and have almost no contact with other Pacific Islands." [123] Additionally, the book includes Taiwan and the entire Malay archipelago as part of Oceania. Semiarid / steppe [24] The island of Taiwan similarly lies on the continental shelf of Asia, with their inhabitants historically having had exchange with mainland Asia. "[90] Regarding Australia and the Pacific, Chambers's New Handy Volume American Encyclopdia observed in 1885 that, "the whole region has sometimes been called Oceania, and sometimes Australasiagenerally, however, in modern times, to the exclusion of the islands in the [Malay] archipelago, to which certain writers have given the name of Malesia. Most islands in the Pacific are high islands (volcanic islands), such as, Easter Island, American Samoa and Fiji, among others, having peaks up to 1300 m rising abruptly from the shore. "[143] In his 1993 book A New Oceania: Rediscovering Our Sea of Islands, New Guinea-born Fijian scholar Epeli Hauofa wrote that, "Pacific Ocean islands from Japan, through the Philippines and Indonesia, which are adjacent to the Asian mainland, do not have oceanic cultures, and are therefore not part of Oceania. Many remain preliterate and, at the national or international level, the names of tribes and information about them is extremely hard to obtain. The Indonesian provinces of Papua and West Papua on the island of New Guinea are home to an estimated 44 uncontacted tribal groups. Oceania (UK: / o s i n i , o i-,- e n-/, US: / o i n i / (), /- n-/) is a geographical region that is described as a continent in some parts of the world. Fiji's Head of State is the President. Urban Population: Population living in areas classified as urban according to the criteria used by each country. [85] Publication Missionary Review of the World claimed in 1895 that Oceania was divided up into five groups; Australasia, Malesia, Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. There are numerous difficulties with conducting archaeological excavations in the islands, due to their size, settlement patterns and storm damage. The states of Hong Kong and Malaysia, located in both mainland Asia and marginal seas of the Pacific, are also excluded, as is the nation of Brunei, which shares the island of Borneo with Indonesia and Malaysia. [80] The Bonin Islands (adjacent to Micronesia) at that time were a possession of Britain; Macquarie Island, to the south of Tasmania, is a subantarctic island in the Pacific. 12.1.2021-3.1.2023 Daily new confirmed COVID-19 cases per million people - 7-day rolling average - LOGCOVID-19 Data ExplorerOur World in Data https . Piramide della popolazione: Oceania - 1986. Asia, with more than 4.6 billion people, has the highest. On 15 November 2022, the world's population reached 8 billion people, a milestone in human development. "[19], Thomas Sebeok's two volume 1971 book Linguistics in Oceania defines Easter Island, the Galpagos Islands, the Juan Fernndez Islands, Costa Rica's Cocos Island and Colombia's Malpelo Island (all oceanic)[122] as making up a Spanish language segment of Oceania. [266] Birds breeding on Pitcairn include the fairy tern, common noddy, and red-tailed tropicbird. The Japanese were turned back at the Battle of the Coral Sea and the Kokoda Track campaign before they were finally defeated in 1945. In Samoan politics, the Prime Minister of Samoa is the head of government. "[24], The Oxford Handbook of Prehistoric Oceania (2018) defined Oceania as only covering Austronesian-speaking islands in Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia, with this definition including New Guinea and New Zealand. Population: 23,232,413 Capital: Canberra Even though the continent of Australia has the most species of marsupials, they originated in South America, back when the continents were the landmass of Gondwana. He wrote in The Globe Encyclopedia of Universal Information that, "literally interpreted, the name would include all the groups from Sumatra to the Galpagos, together with Australia. [247] Desert or semi-arid land commonly known as the outback makes up by far the largest portion of land. Most Indigenous Australian tribal groups subsisted on a simple hunter-gatherer diet of native fauna and flora, otherwise called bush tucker. [238] It is almost entirely oceanic crust. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Other Austronesian areas such as Indonesia and the Philippines were not included, due to their closer cultural proximity to mainland Asia. Samoan male dances can be more snappy. The population of Oceania ranges between 2.8 and 3.4 inhabitants per square kilometer. [239] The oldest member disappearing by way of the plate tectonics cycle is early-Cretaceous (145 to 137 million years ago). APT Satellite is a leading satellite operator in Asia-Pacific. [163][164] As with Australia and New Zealand, Melanesia's New Caledonia has a significant non-indigenous European population, numbering around 71,000. [397][398] The Story of the Kelly Gang (1906), the world's first feature length film, spurred a boom in Australian cinema during the silent film era. . This, with a great number of small islands in the neighbourhood, is regarded as forming a fourth continent known as Oceania.[35] Other studies from the early twentieth Century also described Oceania as a continent. It additionally commented, "it is certainly not necessary to consider the Hawaiian Islands and Australia as being in the same part of the world, it is however permissible to unite in one group all the islands which are scattered over the great ocean. Sydney (pop. 1. [354][355], New Zealand has a large GDP for its population of 5.2 million, and sources of revenue are spread throughout the large island nation. [13], The first settlers of Australia, New Guinea, and the large islands just to the east arrived more than 60,000 years ago. version. There are six cities in Oceania with a population of more than one million inhabitants: Sydney (Australia): 5.3 million inhabitants Melbourne (Australia): 4 million inhabitants Brisbane (Australia): 2 million inhabitants Perth (Australia): 2 million inhabitants Auckland (New Zealand): 1.6 million inhabitants [248] The coastal uplands and a belt of Brigalow grasslands lie between the coast and the mountains, while inland of the dividing range are large areas of grassland. Although the majority of the Oceanian islands lie in the South Pacific, a few of them are not restricted to the Pacific Ocean Kangaroo Island and Ashmore and Cartier Islands, for instance, are situated in the Southern Ocean and Indian Ocean, respectively, and Tasmania's west coast faces the Southern Ocean. 3. Copyright Worldometers.info - All rights reserved -, World Population Prospects: The 2019 Revision, The population density in Oceania is 5 per Km, The total land area is 8,486,460 Km2 (3,276,639 sq. 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